Rare diseases (RD) have been identified as one of the paradigmatic fields in which actions conducted at the European level constitute the adequate response to their specific problems: poor recognition leading to diagnostic delay and inappropriate management including adapted social services, poor health outcomes, social burden, limited knowledge on natural history and pathophysiology leading to an insufficient development of new therapies. The low prevalence and the specificity of RD make that a global, multi-stakeholder approach, intended to gather specific expertise and to build shared strategies is necessary to address these issues.
The general objectives of RD-Action are to:
▪ Support the further development and sustainability of the Orphanet database, the biggest global repository of information on RD
▪ Contribute to solutions to ensure an appropriate codification of RD in health information systems
▪ Continue implementation of the priorities identified in Council Recommendation 2009/C151/02 and the Commission Communication (COM 2008 679) on RD, with a view to ensuring the sustainability of the recommended priority actions and to support the work of the Commission Expert Group on Rare Diseases (CEGRD).
This JA will expand and consolidate the achievements of the former JAs on RD supported by the European Commission: the Orphanet JA and the EUCERD JA. More precisely, this proposal has the ambition to help member states to implement the recommended measures adopted or to be adopted by the CEGRD and to produce the data necessary for countries to do so. Interactions between the production of data at the Orphanet database level and the implementation of policy priorities including codification will be strengthened during this JA.RD-Action large geographical coverage is key to success as it will promote the transfer of European recommendations into national policies and the collection of information and concerns from MS to the CEGRD, thus to the European Commission.

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EURO-NMD is a European Reference Network for the thematic grouping of rare neuromuscular diseases (NMDs), a broad group of related disorders that represent a major cause of mortality and lifelong disability in children and adults. NMDs are caused by acquired or genetic defects of motorneurons, peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junctions or skeletal muscle, resulting in muscle weakness and wasting, swallowing and breathing difficulties, and cardiac failure. NMDs are difficult to recognize, and patients experience long delays in diagnosis. No curative treatments yet exist for any NMD and their rarity and diversity pose specific challenges for healthcare and research, and for the development and marketing of therapies. NMDs collectively affect an estimated 500,000 EU citizens and result in significant costs for families and the healthcare system. EURO-NMD unites 61 of Europe’s leading NMD clinical and research centres in 14 Member States and includes highly active patient organizations. More than 100,000 NMD patients are seen annually by the ERN. The network addresses harmonizing and implementing standards for clinical and diagnostic best practice, improving equity of care provision across Member States, decreasing time to diagnosis, increasing cost efficiency through better care pathways, access to specialist training and education, application of eHealth services, development and application of care guidelines, facilitating translational and clinical research, harmonising data and samples for research reuse, and sharing of high-quality data. EURO-NMD partners will form the backbone for national implementation of best practice NMD care and will form trusted partnerships with payers, national health systems and RD national plans. Ultimately, EURO-NMD will improve health outcomes in NMD patients across Europe, provide new opportunities for translational research, and reduce the burden of these chronic disabling conditions for families and healthcare systems in Europe.
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